The Story of Indian Farming

 



Class 7 – Book Solutions





Q1. Why do farmers in Kerala grow rice while farmers in Punjab grow mostly wheat? What would happen if they swapped?




Answer:



Farmers in Kerala grow rice because:


  • Kerala receives heavy rainfall
  • Climate is hot and humid
  • Soil and water availability are suitable for rice



Farmers in Punjab grow wheat because:


  • Climate is cool and dry in winter
  • Wheat needs less water than rice
  • Irrigation facilities are well developed



If they swapped crops:


  • Rice would not grow well in Punjab due to less rainfall
  • Wheat would not grow well in Kerala due to excess rain
    So, crop production would reduce.  






Q2. Match the following:

Column A

Correct Match (Column B)

(a) Kharif crops

(ii) Crops grown during the monsoon

(b) Rabi crops

(i) Crops during the winter

(c) Alluvial soil

(v) Soil rich in nutrients deposited by rivers

(d) Terrace farming

(vi) Method of farming on hillsides

(e) Alpine soil

(iii) Thin, rough and rocky soil in mountains

(f) Zaid crops

(iv) Crops grown in summer


Q3. Why do certain crops thrive in specific regions?




Answer:



Certain crops grow well in specific regions because of:


  • Climate (rainfall and temperature)
  • Type of soil
  • Availability of water
  • Terrain



For example, rice grows well in areas with heavy rainfall, while wheat grows in cooler regions. 





Q4. How has modern technology helped farmers?




Answer:



Modern technology has helped farmers by:


  • Using tractors and harvesters to reduce labour
  • Providing high-yielding variety (HYV) seeds
  • Using drip and sprinkler irrigation
  • Improving crop production and saving time



This has increased food production in India. 





Q5. Why is sustainable agriculture important? Write a short note.




Answer:



Sustainable agriculture is important because:


  • It protects soil fertility
  • Saves water resources
  • Reduces use of harmful chemicals
  • Protects environment and human health



It combines traditional knowledge with modern methods to ensure farming can continue in the future. 





Q6. Name some challenges that farmers face today. What is their impact on people?




Answer:



Challenges faced by farmers:


  • Small landholdings
  • Climate change and irregular rainfall
  • High cost of seeds and machines
  • Crop failure and debt



Impact on people:


  • Rise in food prices
  • Shortage of food items
  • Farmers leave agriculture for other jobs








Q7. “Traditional irrigation methods are better than modern ones.” (Points for debate)




Answer (Sample Points):



For traditional methods:


  • Eco-friendly
  • Low cost
  • Use local resources



Against traditional methods:


  • Less efficient
  • Cannot support large-scale farming



Conclusion:

A combination of traditional and modern methods is best.







Q8. Write a short essay on farming when you are 60 years old.




Answer:



When I am 60 years old, farming will be more advanced. Farmers will use robots, drones, and smart irrigation systems. Farming will be eco-friendly and rely on organic methods. Technology will help farmers save water and increase production while protecting nature.







Q9. Issues affecting the Ganga basin and possible solutions.




Answer:



Issues:


  • Climate change
  • Overuse of water for irrigation
  • Pollution and dams
  • Decreasing groundwater



Solutions:


  • Saving water
  • Reducing pollution
  • Sustainable farming practices
  • Proper river management








Q10. Crops from ‘Echoes from the Past’ used in your home. What do you conclude?




Answer:



Crops used at home:


  • Rice
  • Wheat
  • Pulses
  • Oilseeds



Conclusion:

Many crops grown thousands of years ago are still used today. This shows the continuity and importance of Indian farming traditions. 


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